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Anne Line
Saint Anne Line (''c.''1563 – 27 February 1601) was an English Catholic martyr. After losing her husband, she became very active in sheltering clandestine Catholic priests, which was illegal in the reign of Elizabeth I. Finally arrested, she was condemned to death and executed for harbouring a priest. Considered as a martyr by the Catholic Church, she was canonized in 1970 by Pope Paul VI. Liturgically she is commemorated on 27 February.
==Life==
Anne Line is believed to have been born as Alice Higham, the eldest daughter of the Puritan, William Higham of Jenkyn Maldon.〔Martin Dodwell. "Revisiting Anne Line: who was she and where did she come from", ''Recusant History'', Vol. 31, No 3 (May 2013) 375-389. London: Catholic Record Society.〕 She was born around the early 1560s, and at some point, probably in the early 1580s, converted to Catholicism along with her brother William, and Roger Line, the man she married in February 1583. Both Roger Line and William Higham were disinherited for converting to Catholicism and Alice Higham lost her dowry.〔 Among Catholics the married "Alice" became known as "Anne" Line: presumably a name she took on her conversion.〔Christine J. Kelly, ("Anne Line" ), ODNB; online edn, January 2009, accessed 11 March 2013.〕
Roger Line and William Higham were arrested together while attending Mass, and were imprisoned and fined. While William Higham was released on surety in England, Roger Line was banished and went to Flanders, where he died in 1594.〔Martin Dodwell. ''Anne Line: Shakespeare's Tragic Muse''. Brighton: The Book Guild, 2013.〕
Around the same time, Father John Gerard, S.J. opened a house of refuge for hiding priests, and put the newly widowed Anne Line in charge of it, despite her chronic ill-health. For about three years Anne Line continued to run this house while Fr John Gerard was in prison. He was eventually transferred to the Tower of London where he was tortured, and from which he escaped. In his autobiography he writes:
After my escape from prison (Line ) gave up managing the house. By then she was known to so many people that it was unsafe for me to frequent any house she occupied. Instead she hired apartments in another building and continued to shelter priests there. One day, however (it was the Purification of Our Blessed Lady), she allowed in an unusually large number of Catholics to hear Mass … Some neighbours noticed the crowd and the constables were at the house at once.〔 John Gerard S.J. ''The Autobiography of an Elizabethan'', p.84. Oxford: Family Publications, 2006.〕
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